Showing posts with label Introduction to Physics. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Introduction to Physics. Show all posts
Monday, May 2, 2016
XI - 1.7 Order of magnitude - Video Lectures
Class XI -
1.7 Order of magnitude - Video Lectures
Order of magnitude
Convert the number into 1*10^c form.
First convert the number into a*10^b form in this case 1≤a<10 an="" and="" b="" br="" integer.="" is="">If a is less than or equal to 5 assume it is one and if a is greater than 5 assume it is 10 and convert the number into 1*10^c form.
Then c is the order of magnitude of the number.
________________
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Chris Doner
H.C. Verma Physics Chapter 1 Problems and Solutions
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Omega Open Course
Sunday, May 1, 2016
Friday, November 7, 2008
1. Introduction to Physics - Revision Facilitator
Sections
1. Introduction to physics
1.1 What is Physics
1.2 Physics and Mathematics
1.3 Units
1.4 Definitions of base units
1.5 Dimension
1.6 Uses of dimension
1.7 Order of magnitude
1.8 The structure of world
1. Introduction to physics
1.1 What is Physics
1.2 Physics and Mathematics
1.3 Units
1.4 Definitions of base units
1.5 Dimension
1.6 Uses of dimension
1.7 Order of magnitude
1.8 The structure of world
Monday, July 28, 2008
Chapter 1 Introduction - July-Dec Revision
Physics is the study of nature and its laws.
The nature around us is like a big chess game played by Nature. Various events that happen are like the moves made by a chess players. We are allowed to watch the events that happen, and guess the rules, and then play to derive benefits that we want from nature. We may across new events which do not follow old rules that we have formulated and we need to guess the new rules.
Great scientists or scientists in general guess the rules from the observations available at that time and prove the usefulness of those rules by further experiments or events that happen subsequently. These rules may require modification subsequently if they are not able to explain some events observed that happen subsequently.
The description of nature becomes easy if we have the freedom to use mathematics.
Mathematics is the language of physics.
Units: Fundamental and derived
While there are a large number of physical quantities to be measured, only seven fundamental quantities are found to be sufficient. All other quantities can be measured using these seven fundamental quantities.
The set of fundamental quantities must have the following properties.
a. The fundamental quantities should be independent of each other; and
b. All other quantities may be expressed in terms of the fundamental quantities.
Fundamental quantities are also referred to as base quantities.
Who decides the units?
A body named Conference Generale des Poids or CGPM (General Conference on Weight and Measures in English) has been gibven the authority by international agreement.
Definitions of base units
Length metre (m)
Mass kilogram (kg)
Time second (s)
Electric current ampere (A)
Thermodynamic temperature kelvin (K)
Amount of substance mole (mol)
Luminous intensity candela (cd)
Metre
The distance travelled by light in vacuum in 1/[299,792,458] second is called 1 m.
Kilogram
the mass of cylinder made of planitum-iridium alloy kept at International Bureau of Weights and Measures is defined as 1 kg.
Second
The time duration in 9,192,631,770 time periods of the selected transition of radiation of Cesium-133 atom is defined as 1 s. (To understand this idea see Bohr model chapter)
Ampere
To under stand the definition of this unit, you have to read the chapter on electric field.
Two long straight wires with negligible cross section are to be placed parallel to each other at a separation of 1 m and electric current in the same amout is sent through them in the same direction. If the attractive force between the two wires adjusted, the current in each wire (one of the wires) that gives a force between them of 2*10^-7 newton per metre of the wires, is defined as 1 A of current.
Kelvin
The fraction 1/9273.16) of the thermodynamic temperature of triple point of water is called 1 K.
Mole
The amount of a substance that contain as many elementary entities (molecules or atoms if the substance is monatomic) as there are number of atoms in 0.012 kg of carbon-12 is called a mole.
Candela
It is the luminous intensity of a blackbody of surface area 1/[600,000] m² placed at the temperature of freezing platinum and at a pressure of 101,325 N/m², in the direction perpendicular to its surface.
Dimensions of physical quantities and Dimensional Formula
When a physical quantity is expressed in terms of the base quantities, it is written as a product of different powers of the base quantities.
[Force] = MLT-2
M,L, and T are base quantities – mass, length and time
The exponent of a base quantity that enters into the expression (MLT-2) is called the dimension of the quantity in that base.
The dimensions or force are 1 in mass, 1 in length and -2 in time. The dimensions of all other base quantities are zero.
The base quantities are denoted as follows in writing expressions. The symbols used are M for mass, L of length, T for time, I for current, K for temperature, mol for mole and cd for candela.
The physical quantity that is expressed in terms of the base quantities is enclosed in square brackets to inform that it is expressed in dimensions of base quantities. Such expression of a physical quantity in terms of dimensions of base quantities is called the dimensional formula.
Order of magnitude
The structure of the world
The nature around us is like a big chess game played by Nature. Various events that happen are like the moves made by a chess players. We are allowed to watch the events that happen, and guess the rules, and then play to derive benefits that we want from nature. We may across new events which do not follow old rules that we have formulated and we need to guess the new rules.
Great scientists or scientists in general guess the rules from the observations available at that time and prove the usefulness of those rules by further experiments or events that happen subsequently. These rules may require modification subsequently if they are not able to explain some events observed that happen subsequently.
The description of nature becomes easy if we have the freedom to use mathematics.
Mathematics is the language of physics.
Units: Fundamental and derived
While there are a large number of physical quantities to be measured, only seven fundamental quantities are found to be sufficient. All other quantities can be measured using these seven fundamental quantities.
The set of fundamental quantities must have the following properties.
a. The fundamental quantities should be independent of each other; and
b. All other quantities may be expressed in terms of the fundamental quantities.
Fundamental quantities are also referred to as base quantities.
Who decides the units?
A body named Conference Generale des Poids or CGPM (General Conference on Weight and Measures in English) has been gibven the authority by international agreement.
Definitions of base units
Length metre (m)
Mass kilogram (kg)
Time second (s)
Electric current ampere (A)
Thermodynamic temperature kelvin (K)
Amount of substance mole (mol)
Luminous intensity candela (cd)
Metre
The distance travelled by light in vacuum in 1/[299,792,458] second is called 1 m.
Kilogram
the mass of cylinder made of planitum-iridium alloy kept at International Bureau of Weights and Measures is defined as 1 kg.
Second
The time duration in 9,192,631,770 time periods of the selected transition of radiation of Cesium-133 atom is defined as 1 s. (To understand this idea see Bohr model chapter)
Ampere
To under stand the definition of this unit, you have to read the chapter on electric field.
Two long straight wires with negligible cross section are to be placed parallel to each other at a separation of 1 m and electric current in the same amout is sent through them in the same direction. If the attractive force between the two wires adjusted, the current in each wire (one of the wires) that gives a force between them of 2*10^-7 newton per metre of the wires, is defined as 1 A of current.
Kelvin
The fraction 1/9273.16) of the thermodynamic temperature of triple point of water is called 1 K.
Mole
The amount of a substance that contain as many elementary entities (molecules or atoms if the substance is monatomic) as there are number of atoms in 0.012 kg of carbon-12 is called a mole.
Candela
It is the luminous intensity of a blackbody of surface area 1/[600,000] m² placed at the temperature of freezing platinum and at a pressure of 101,325 N/m², in the direction perpendicular to its surface.
Dimensions of physical quantities and Dimensional Formula
When a physical quantity is expressed in terms of the base quantities, it is written as a product of different powers of the base quantities.
[Force] = MLT-2
M,L, and T are base quantities – mass, length and time
The exponent of a base quantity that enters into the expression (MLT-2) is called the dimension of the quantity in that base.
The dimensions or force are 1 in mass, 1 in length and -2 in time. The dimensions of all other base quantities are zero.
The base quantities are denoted as follows in writing expressions. The symbols used are M for mass, L of length, T for time, I for current, K for temperature, mol for mole and cd for candela.
The physical quantity that is expressed in terms of the base quantities is enclosed in square brackets to inform that it is expressed in dimensions of base quantities. Such expression of a physical quantity in terms of dimensions of base quantities is called the dimensional formula.
Order of magnitude
The structure of the world
Wednesday, May 7, 2008
Concept Review - Chapter 1 Introduction
Physics is the study of nature and its laws.
The nature around us is like a big chess game played by Nature. Various events that happen are like the moves made by a chess players. We are allowed to watch the events that happen, and guess the rules, and then play to derive benefits that we want from nature. We may across new events which do not follow old rules that we have formulated and we need to guess the new rules.
Great scientists or scientists in general guess the rules from the observations available at that time and prove the usefulness of those rules by further experiments or events that happen subsequently. These rules may require modification subsequently if they are not able to explain some events observed that happen subsequently.
The description of nature becomes easy if we have the freedom to use mathematics.
Mathematics is the language of physics.
Units: Fundamental and derived
While there are a large number of physical quantities to be measured, only seven fundamental quantities are found to be sufficient. All other quantities can be measured using these seven fundamental quantities.
The set of fundamental quantities must have the following properties.
a. The fundamental quantities should be independent of each other; and
b. All other quantities may be expressed in terms of the fundamental quantities.
Fundamental quantities are also referred to as base quantities.
Who decides the units?
A body named Conference Generale des Poids or CGPM (General Conference on Weight and Measures in English) has been gibven the authority by international agreement.
Definition of base units
Metre
Kilogram
Second
Ampere
Kelvin
Mole
Candela
Metre
The distance travelled by light in vacuum in 1/[299,792,458] second is called 1 m.
Kilogram
the mass of cylinder made of planitum-iridium alloy kept at International Bureau of Weights and Measures is defined as 1 kg.
Second
The time duration in 9,192,631,770 time periods of the selected transition of radiation of Cesium-133 atom is defined as 1 s. (To understand this idea see Bohr model chapter)
Ampere
To under stand the definition of this unit, you have to read the chapter on electric field.
Two long straight wires with negligible cross section are to be placed parallel to each other at a separation of 1 m and electric current in the same amout is sent through them in the same direction. If the attractive force between the two wires adjusted, the current in each wire (one of the wires) that gives a force between them of 2*10^-7 newton per metre of the wires, is defined as 1 A of current.
Kelvin
The fraction 1/9273.16) of the thermodynamic temperature of triple point of water is called 1 K.
Mole
The amount of a substance that contain as many elementary entities (molecules or atoms if the substance is monatomic) as there are number of atoms in 0.012 kg of carbon-12 is called a mole.
Candela
It is the luminous intensity of a blackbody of surface area 1/[600,000] m² placed at the temperature of freezing platinum and at a pressure of 101,325 N/m², in the direction perpendicular to its surface.
Dimensions of physical quantities
When a physical quantity is expressed in terms of the base quantities, it is written as a product of different powers of the base quantities.
[Force] = MLT-2
M,L, and T are base quantities – mass, length and time
The exponent of a base quantity that enters into the expression (MLT-2) is called the dimension of the quantity in that base.
The dimensions or force are 1 in mass, 1 in length and -2 in time. The dimensions of all other base quantities are zero.
The base quantities are denoted as follows in writing expressions. The symbols used are M for mass, L of length, T for time, I for current, K for temperature, mol for mole and cd for candela.
The physical quantity that is expressed in terms of the base quantities is enclosed in square brackets to inform that it is expressed in dimensions of base quantities. Such expression of a physical quantity in terms of dimensions of base quantities is called the dimensional formula.
Order of magnitude
Convert the number into 1*10^c form.
First convert the number into a*10^b form in this case 1≤a<10 an="" and="" b="" br="" integer.="" is="">If a is less than or equal to 5 assume it is one and if a is greater than 5 assume it is 10 and convert the number into 1*10^c form.
Then c is the order of magnitude of the number.
The structure of the world
For the recent revised version of this chapter, visit
http://iit-jee-physics.blogspot.com/2008/07/chapter-1-introduction-july-dec.html
The nature around us is like a big chess game played by Nature. Various events that happen are like the moves made by a chess players. We are allowed to watch the events that happen, and guess the rules, and then play to derive benefits that we want from nature. We may across new events which do not follow old rules that we have formulated and we need to guess the new rules.
Great scientists or scientists in general guess the rules from the observations available at that time and prove the usefulness of those rules by further experiments or events that happen subsequently. These rules may require modification subsequently if they are not able to explain some events observed that happen subsequently.
Mathematics is the language of physics.
Units: Fundamental and derived
While there are a large number of physical quantities to be measured, only seven fundamental quantities are found to be sufficient. All other quantities can be measured using these seven fundamental quantities.
The set of fundamental quantities must have the following properties.
a. The fundamental quantities should be independent of each other; and
b. All other quantities may be expressed in terms of the fundamental quantities.
Fundamental quantities are also referred to as base quantities.
Who decides the units?
A body named Conference Generale des Poids or CGPM (General Conference on Weight and Measures in English) has been gibven the authority by international agreement.
Definition of base units
Metre
Kilogram
Second
Ampere
Kelvin
Mole
Candela
Metre
The distance travelled by light in vacuum in 1/[299,792,458] second is called 1 m.
Kilogram
the mass of cylinder made of planitum-iridium alloy kept at International Bureau of Weights and Measures is defined as 1 kg.
Second
The time duration in 9,192,631,770 time periods of the selected transition of radiation of Cesium-133 atom is defined as 1 s. (To understand this idea see Bohr model chapter)
Ampere
To under stand the definition of this unit, you have to read the chapter on electric field.
Two long straight wires with negligible cross section are to be placed parallel to each other at a separation of 1 m and electric current in the same amout is sent through them in the same direction. If the attractive force between the two wires adjusted, the current in each wire (one of the wires) that gives a force between them of 2*10^-7 newton per metre of the wires, is defined as 1 A of current.
Kelvin
The fraction 1/9273.16) of the thermodynamic temperature of triple point of water is called 1 K.
Mole
The amount of a substance that contain as many elementary entities (molecules or atoms if the substance is monatomic) as there are number of atoms in 0.012 kg of carbon-12 is called a mole.
Candela
It is the luminous intensity of a blackbody of surface area 1/[600,000] m² placed at the temperature of freezing platinum and at a pressure of 101,325 N/m², in the direction perpendicular to its surface.
Dimensions of physical quantities
When a physical quantity is expressed in terms of the base quantities, it is written as a product of different powers of the base quantities.
[Force] = MLT-2
M,L, and T are base quantities – mass, length and time
The exponent of a base quantity that enters into the expression (MLT-2) is called the dimension of the quantity in that base.
The dimensions or force are 1 in mass, 1 in length and -2 in time. The dimensions of all other base quantities are zero.
The base quantities are denoted as follows in writing expressions. The symbols used are M for mass, L of length, T for time, I for current, K for temperature, mol for mole and cd for candela.
The physical quantity that is expressed in terms of the base quantities is enclosed in square brackets to inform that it is expressed in dimensions of base quantities. Such expression of a physical quantity in terms of dimensions of base quantities is called the dimensional formula.
Order of magnitude
Convert the number into 1*10^c form.
First convert the number into a*10^b form in this case 1≤a<10 an="" and="" b="" br="" integer.="" is="">If a is less than or equal to 5 assume it is one and if a is greater than 5 assume it is 10 and convert the number into 1*10^c form.
Then c is the order of magnitude of the number.
The structure of the world
For the recent revised version of this chapter, visit
http://iit-jee-physics.blogspot.com/2008/07/chapter-1-introduction-july-dec.html
Tuesday, October 23, 2007
Study guide H C Verma JEE Physics Ch. 1 INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICS
H C Verma Book Sections
1.1 What is Physics
1.2 Physics and Mathematics
1.3 Units
1.4 Definitions of base units
1.5 Dimension
1.6 Uses of dimension
1.7 Order of magnitude
1.8 The structure of world
Study Plan
Study plan basically consists of 10 days of study and problems solving. Additional 10 days is for revision and for solving some more problems from the book, if you could not complete them during the first 10 days. Each day spend at least one hour for this subject for the main chapter and may be 15 minutes to 30 minutes for revising the earlier chapter. Thus you have to allot at least three hours and forty five minutes every day for your self study. It will be good when you are able to combine your self study with the lecture that is going in the school and coaching class. That way you will be able to complete self study in lesser time and get the benefit of reinforcement.
Day 1
Study
1.1 What is Physics
1.2 Physics and Mathematics
1.3 Units
1.4 Definitions of base units
1.5 Dimension
Do example 1.1
Do worked out examples 1 and 2
Day 2
Study
1.6 Uses of dimension
Do example 1.2
Do worked out examples 3,4,5,6
Day 3
Study
1.7 Order of magnitude
1.8 The structure of world
Do worked out examples 7 to 10
Day 4
Revise the chapter
Answer Objective I and II
Day 5
Solve Exercises 1 to 5
Day 6
Solve Exercises 6 to 10
Day 7
Solve Exercises 11 to 15
Day 8
Solve Exercises 16 to 19
Day 9 to 20
Keep revising principles, and have a look at difficult problems. If you come across any other text book, answer problems in that textbook on these topics.
By the end of these 20 days, you must be very thorough with this chapter. You are ready to write examination on this chapter at any time from today.
1.1 What is Physics
1.2 Physics and Mathematics
1.3 Units
1.4 Definitions of base units
1.5 Dimension
1.6 Uses of dimension
1.7 Order of magnitude
1.8 The structure of world
Study Plan
Study plan basically consists of 10 days of study and problems solving. Additional 10 days is for revision and for solving some more problems from the book, if you could not complete them during the first 10 days. Each day spend at least one hour for this subject for the main chapter and may be 15 minutes to 30 minutes for revising the earlier chapter. Thus you have to allot at least three hours and forty five minutes every day for your self study. It will be good when you are able to combine your self study with the lecture that is going in the school and coaching class. That way you will be able to complete self study in lesser time and get the benefit of reinforcement.
Day 1
Study
1.1 What is Physics
1.2 Physics and Mathematics
1.3 Units
1.4 Definitions of base units
1.5 Dimension
Do example 1.1
Do worked out examples 1 and 2
Day 2
Study
1.6 Uses of dimension
Do example 1.2
Do worked out examples 3,4,5,6
Day 3
Study
1.7 Order of magnitude
1.8 The structure of world
Do worked out examples 7 to 10
Day 4
Revise the chapter
Answer Objective I and II
Day 5
Solve Exercises 1 to 5
Day 6
Solve Exercises 6 to 10
Day 7
Solve Exercises 11 to 15
Day 8
Solve Exercises 16 to 19
Day 9 to 20
Keep revising principles, and have a look at difficult problems. If you come across any other text book, answer problems in that textbook on these topics.
By the end of these 20 days, you must be very thorough with this chapter. You are ready to write examination on this chapter at any time from today.
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