IIT JEE 2010 Syllabus for Physics

IIT JEE 2010 syllabus will be available only when the JEE advertisment is released. You have to prepared using JEE 2009 syllabus up to that time.

Memory Maps for IIT JEE Physics - Mental Map

Memory is map linking one concept to another concept. Mind map or mental map helps in your memorizing things.

Let me try to identify main concepts in each chapter and link them to more concepts related to each of them


Chapters from "Concepts of Physics Part I and II" by H C Verma




Chapters

1. Introduction to physics

Physics - Understanding nature - Mathematics - Units - Dimensions

Units - Fundamental quantities - Derived quanties - SI units - SI Prefixes

SI Units - Metre - Kilogram - Second - Ampere - Kelvin - Mole

Dimension - Homogenuity - Conversion of Units

Understanding Nature - Structure of world

Order of magnitude


2. Physics and mathematics


3. Rest and motion :kinematics

Rest - Motion – displacement – Speed – Velocity – Acceleration – Frame of Reference

Displacement – Distance moved

Speed - average speed - instantaneous speed

Velocity - Average velocity - instantaneous velocity – Acceleration

Acceleration - Average acceleration - instantaneous acceleration

Motion - straight line - Motion in a plane - Projectile motion

Frame of Reference – Change in Frame of Reference




4. The forces

Forces - Gravitational forces - Electromagnetic (EM) forces - Nuclear Forces - Weak forces - Scope of Classical physics

Gravitational forces - G (universal constant 6.67 *106-11 N-m^2/kg^2) – Acceleration due to gravity g = GM/R^2) - Spherical body treated as a point mass at their centres

Electromagnetic (EM) forces – Coulomb forces – Forces between two surfaces in contact – Tension in a string or rope – Force due to a spring

Nuclear Forces – Exerted when interacting particles are protons or neutrons

Weak forces – Forces responsible for beta decay – antinutrino - positron

Scope of Classical physics – Applicable to bodies of linear sizes greater than 10^-6 m – Subatomic bodies – Quantum physics applicable – If the velocity of bodies are comparable to 3*10^* m/s relativistic mechanics is applicable.

5. Newtons law of motion

Newtons laws of motion - First law - second law - third law - Pseudo forces - Inertia

Newton's First law – Inertial frame of reference – Earth - Noninertial frame of reference

Newton's second law –( f = ma) - Freebody diagram

Newton's third law of motion – action - reaction

Pseudo forces – inertial forces

Inertia – a property which determines acceleration

6. Friction

Friction – Normal contact force – Friction - Kinetic friction - Static friction - Laws of friction - Atomic level friction – Rolling Friction


Kinetic friction – Opposite to motion – Coefficient of Kinetic friction –

Static friction - Limiting friction – Max. Static friction - Coefficient of static friction

Measurement of friction Coefficients- Horizontal table method – Inclined table method


7. Circular motion


Circular motion - Angular variables - Unit vectors along the radius and the tangent – Acceleration - Banking of roads in circular turns - Centrifugal force – Effects of earth's rotation

Angular variables – Angular position – Angular velocity – Angular acceleration – tangential acceleration

Unit vectors along the radius and the tangent – Tangential Unit vectors - Radial Unit vectors

Acceleration – Uniform circular motion - Nonuniform circular motion

Effects of earth's rotation – Colatitude – apparent weight

8. Work and energy

Work and energy - Work - Kinetic energy - Work energy theorem - Potential energy - Conservative and nonconservative forces - Gravitational potential energy - Different forms of energy - Mass energy equivalence

Work - Calculation of work done -

Potential energy - Potential energy of a compressed or extended spring - Gravitational potential energy



9. Centre of mass,linear momentum,collision

Centre of mass, linear momentum, collision - Centre of mass - Motion of the Centre of mass - Linear momentum – Collision – Impulse

Centre of mass - Centre of mass of continuous bodies - Motion of the Centre of mass

Linear momentum - Its conservation principle - Rocket propulsion

Collision - Elastic collision in one dimension - Perfectly inelastic collision in one dimension - Coefficient of restitution - Elastic collision in two dimensions

Impulse - Impulsive force

10. Rotational mechanics
11. Gravitation
12. Simple harmonic motion
13. Fluid mechanics
14. Some mechanical properties of matter
15. Wave motion and waves on a string
16. Sound waves
17. Light waves
18. Geometrical optics
19. Optical instruments
20. Dispersion and spectra
21. Speed of light
22. Photometry
23. Heat and Temperature
24. Kinetic theory of Gases
25. Calorimetry
26. Laws of Thermodynamics
27. Specific Heat of Capacities of Gases
28. Heat transfer
29. Electric Field and Potential
30. Gauss's Law
31. Capacitors
32. Electric Current in Conductors
32. Thermal and Chemical effects of Electric Current
33. Thermal and Chemical Effects of Electric Current
34. Magentic Field
35. Magnetic field due to a Current
36. Permanent Magnets
37. Magnetic Properties of Matter
38. Electro Magentic Induction
39. Alternating current
40. electromagentic Waves
41. Electric Current through Gases
42. Photoelectric Effect and Waveparticle Duality
43. Bohr's Model and Physics of Atom
44. X-Rays
45. SemiConductors and Semiconductor Devices
46. Nucleus
47. The Special Theory of Relativity

Study Plan - Study Guide

I am posting a study plan for each of the chapter. The plan is of 20 days in which first 10 days is for study of the lesson and next 10 days is for revision and solving problems. A candidate must be able to master the chapter in these 20 days by solving every question and problem in the HC Verma text book. By taking a target of 3 chapters in each month for the detailed study 10 days each chapter, candidates can complete each text or one year's portion during the period May to December.

Click on the label HC Verma Study Guide for the plan of various chapters. I completed posting for many chapters of Book 1 and plan to complete for the required number of chapters by May 1.

Blog status

I started revising the study guides of each chapter by providing a 20 days schedule for the first time study and revision of the chapter. I posted the schedule for the first chapter today. I plan to do similar posting for all the chapters.

COMPTON EFFECT

Arthur Compton and Debye both provided in 1922 a very simple mathematical framework for the momentum of these photons with Compton having experimental evidence from firing X-Rays of known frequency into graphite and looking at recoil electrons.

Let E = mc² = hf for a photon, where f is frequency, and "m" is the mass "equivalent" of the photon given they have no "rest mass". (It is important to recognise that stopping a photon to measure its mass eliminates it -so it has no "at rest" mass - crucial in Special Relativity where, to travel at the speed of light, mass would otherwise become infinite.)

Having "rigged" this mass problem,

p = momentum = mc (mass x velocity) = hf/c = E/c = h/l

The experiment shows that X-Rays and electrons behave exactly like ball bearings colliding on a table top using the same 2D vector diagrams. They enter the graphite at one wavelength and leave at a longer wavelength as they have transfered both momentum and kinetic energy to an electron. Momentum and energy are conserved in the collision if we accept the equation above for momentum of light.

When the photon enters at l0 and leaves at l1, its energy has changed from E0 to E1 and momentum from E0/c to E1/c with a change in direction of q. The electron gains Ek = E0 - E1

See for a diagram and more details

http://www.launc.tased.edu.au/online/sciences/physics/compton.html





The Compton Effect ( a different explanation)


Convincing evidence that light is made up of particles (photons), and that photons have momentum, can be seen when a photon with energy hf collides with a stationary electron. Some of the energy and momentum is transferred to the electron (this is known as the Compton effect), but both energy and momentum are conserved in this elastic collision. After the collision the photon has energy hf' and the electron has acquired a kinetic energy K.

Conservation of energy: hf = hf' + K

Combining this with the momentum conservation equations, it can be shown that the wavelength of the outgoing photon is related to the wavelength of the incident photon by the equation:

Δλ = λ' - λ = (h/m_ec)(1 - cosq)

The combination of factors h/m_ec = 2.43 x 10^-12 m, where m_e is the mass of the electron, is known as the Compton wavelength. The collision causes the photon wavelength to increase by somewhere between 0 (for a scattering angle of 0°) and twice the Compton wavelength (for a scattering angle of 180°).

Source:
http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/semester2/c35_compton.html

It has problems and examples and demonstration also.

Schrodinger’s Equation

Quantum mechanics describes the spectra in a much better way than Bohr’s model.

Electron has a wave character as well as a particle character. The wave function of the electron ψ(r,t ) is obtained by solving Schrodinger’s wave equation. The probability of finding an electron is high where | ψ(r,t )|² is greater. Not only the information about the electron’s position but information about all the properties including energy etc. that we calculated using the Bohr’s postulates are contained in the wave function of ψ(r,t).

Quantum Mechanics of the Hydrogen Atom

The wave function of the electron ψ(r,t) is obtained from the Schrodinger’s equation

-(h²/8π²m) [∂²ψ /∂x² + ∂²ψ /∂y² + ∂²ψ/∂z²] - Ze²ψ/4πε₀r = E ψ


where
(x.y,z ) refers to a point with the nucleus as the origin and r is the distance of this point from the nucleus.
E refers to the energy.
Z is the number of protons.

There are infinite number of functions ψ(r,t) which satisfy the equations.

These functions may be characterized by three parameters n,l, and m_l.

For each combination of n,l, and m_l there is an associated unique value of E of the atom of the ion.

The energy of the wave function of characterized by n,l, and m_l depends only on n and may be written as


En = - mZ²e⁴/8 ε₀²h²n²

These energies are identical with Bohr’s model energies.

The paramer n is called the principal quantum number, l the orbital angular momentum quantum number and m_l. The magnetic quantum number.

When n = 1, the wave function of the hydrogen atom is

ψ(r) = ψ₁₀₀ = √(Z³/ π a₀²) *(e^{-r/ a₀})


ψ₁₀₀ denotes that n =1, l = 0 and m_l = 0

a₀ = Bohr radius

In quantum mechanics, the idea of orbit is invalid. At any instant the wve function is spread over large distances in space, and wherever ψ≠ 0, the presence of electron may be felt.

The probability of finding the electron in a small volume dV is | ψ(r)| ² dV
We can calculate the probability p(r)dr of finding the electron at a distance between r and r+dr from the nucleus.

In the ground state for hydrogen atom it comes out to be

P(r) = (4/ a₀)r²e ^{-2r/ a₀}

The plot of P(r) versus r shows that P(r) is maximum at r = a₀ Which the Bohr’s radius.

But when we put n =2, the maximum probability comes at two radii one near r = a₀ and the other at r = 5.4 a₀. According to Bohr model all electrons should be at r = 4 a₀.

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